Arrange The Following Molecules According To The Strength Of Their Dispersion Forces.

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Answer:

Dispersion force is the weakest intermolecular attractive force acting between atoms and molecules. The London dispersion force is a temporary attractive force that occurs when the electrons in two adjacent atoms occupy positions that are made from temporary dipoles. This force is also known as an induced dipole-induced dipole attraction as in this force, one molecule induced dipole in another molecule. London forces are the attractive forces that affect non-polar substances to condense into liquids and freeze into solids when the temperature is reduced enough.

Molecular size

Larger and heavier atoms and molecules show stronger dispersion forces in comparison to lighter and smaller atoms and molecules.
In a larger atom or molecule, the valence electrons are farther from the nuclei in comparison to in a smaller atom or molecule.
They are less tightly bound and can form temporary dipoles easily.

Molecular shape

At room temperature, neopentane (C5H12) is a gas while n-pentane (C5H12) is in liquid form.
London dispersion forces between n-pentane molecules are stronger in comparison to those between neopentane molecules. However, both molecules are nonpolar and have the same molecular weight.
The relatively cylindrical shape of n-pentane molecules enables them to come in contact with each other more efficiently in comparison to the relatively spherical neopentane molecules.

So here we will get, 2 > 3 > 1 > 4 > 5 > 6.

The first has more dispersion force because it is n-heptane which is present in liquid form and the sixth one has the lowest force because it is present in gaseous form.

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Conclusion

So overall, the strength of dispersion force depends on the molecular size and molecular shape of the molecule. And here we have arranged the following molecules according to their strength of dispersion forces. We hope you got your answer and understood the concept of dispersion forces.

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